{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/jm23b5wx2h/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Mandel, Sidney"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/115/original/Boxed_Milken_Center_logo.png?1628711583","metadata":[],"provider":[{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Lowell Milken Center for Music of American Jewish Experience"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Lowell Milken Center for Music of American Jewish Experience"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/115/original/Boxed_Milken_Center_logo.png?1628711583","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/111/928/small/Mandel.jpg?1621003425","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - X1458_Cantor_Sidney_Mandel_APR.mp4"]},"duration":2994.432,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/111/928/small/Mandel.jpg?1621003425","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-milken.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/111/928/original/X1458_Cantor_Sidney_Mandel_APR.mp4?1619689568","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":2994.432,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Sidney Mandel [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVIN:  Hazzan Mandel, you knew Zaidel Rovner, as I understand it.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Yes.  Very well.  I sang, I was a soloist with Zaidel Rovner.  I was a soloist when he was in the, when the movie was made, The Voice of Israel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=16.0,36.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But, I’m very sorry to say, something happened to that part of the film, and we cannot get a copy of Zaidel and with myself and that portion of the film.  Something happened.  Maybe it burned, maybe it got damaged.  But that part of the film is nowhere to be found.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=36.0,62.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But we did participate, we were part of that film, The Voice of Israel.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn The Voice of Israel, I guess you know who participated.  The greats.  The greatest of the greats participated in that particular film.  And that’s, that’s how I started with Zaidel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=62.0,82.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I was also a soloist.  We gave, in 1931, we had a tehillim concert in Newark.  I have a circular with me of that particular concert in the Felix Fold Auditorium of the Newark YMHA.  Zaidel, Berele Chagy, Yossele Rosenblatt, Moshe Seitz, David Roitman…","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=82.0,121.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SEROTA:  Bree?  Israel Bree?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Israel Bree and Adolph Katchko.  And myself.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAnd that was a very memorable concert, a concert that’s — that was a concert I never, I never participated or never saw anything like it.  It was also, part of the concert was a symphony orchestra with Zaidel conducting.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=121.0,151.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The concert, the contents of the concert was tehillim.  Different, different chapters of the tehillim.  And music and song.  A concert like that I’ve never witnessed since.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=151.0,172.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVIN:  This was in New Jersey?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  This was in New Jersey.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Wasn’t that tehillim concert repeated?  Wasn’t there one in New York, at Madison Square Garden, or at the Hippodrome, or somewhere like that?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Possibly.  Possibly.  But I don’t know — what year was that concert that you are speaking of?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=172.0,190.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVIN:  Well, I don’t know.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  I think earlier.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Maybe earlier, because he…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Maybe earlier.  It, it might have been earlier, before I began to come up in the world, so to speak.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAt that particular time, 1931, I was 13.  And that, that, it’s possible that that concert was…","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=190.0,214.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVIN:  You had a large chorus for that concert?  A very large chorus?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Yes.  We had a chorus and an orchestra.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  You had children?  Children in the chorus?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  I don’t…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Must have been boys in the chorus.  Or was it all…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  I think it was mainly, it was a male, male chorus.  Adults.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  And orchestra?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  And an orchestra.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  And he conducted, he actually conducted an orchestra?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=214.0,240.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MANDEL:  And he actually conducted.  Not only — well, he wrote the music, he was the composer.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Yeah, but he never had any training, so it’s interesting that…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  He never had any — I don’t, I don’t think Zaidel had any formal training.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  No.  No.  He had none.  That’s an…","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=240.0,253.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMANDEL:\u003c/strong\u003e And I can join him in that, in that.  I’m, I’m — also can join him in those ranks of not having any real formal training.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn those days, there weren’t, there, there, we didn’t have these schools — the, the, the schools, the yeshivas, the day schools.  Everything that they have today, we didn’t have in those days.  We didn’t have the schools, we didn’t have the, the, the money that’s around today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=253.0,296.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People were looking for jobs, they were looking for bread, they were looking for work.  A dollar, a dollar meant a lot in, in those days.  Today, it’s a different ball game.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  When you sang with Zaidel, you sang in shul also?  In other — or just concerts?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  In shuls I sang myself.  I was a boy hazzan at that time.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  You were a boy hazzan.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Yes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  But with Zaidel, did you ever sing the famous — you sang as a soloist?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Yeah.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Did you ever sing that famous solo part, from Emmes V’Emuna?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=296.0,323.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MANDEL:  Yeah.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  You know the passage I mean?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  I remember that.  (Sings)  Emmes v’emuna kol zos.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Right.  That’s the piece.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  (Sings)  Emmes v’emuna kol zos. Emmes v’emuna SEROTA:  Not’s, that not the melody.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  (Sings)  Emmes v’emuna.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  No, there’s a boy, there’s an alto.  You were an alto?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  I was an alto, yes.  I might…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  (Hums it)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=323.0,349.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMANDEL:\u003c/strong\u003e …be singing part of Rappaport’s, too.  Don’t forget — when I sang this solo, that was exactly about 60-some-odd years ago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=349.0,364.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVIN:  And now, tell me, you were a, what was called then a wunderkind.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Yeah.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  A boy hazzan.  Yeah?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Yeah.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  How old were you when you, when you actually davenned the ohmed?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  About 11, 12.  Yeah.  I was about 12 years old when I actually davenned.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  Wasn’t there a problem with a 12-year-old child officiating as a hazzan in an Orthodox shul?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=364.0,391.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MANDEL:  I did it.  Not only I, not only I, but we had Shaiele Engelhart, we had Labele Zeven, Sam Gonberg.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  How about Pessele Keres?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  We had a young, a young boy by the name of Shmilikl Kellemer.  He was very…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  How about…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Sure.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  He’s here in New York.  He just got an award yesterday.  How about Pessele Keres?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Pessele?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Do you remember Pessele Keres?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Do I, I, I knew Pessele Keres well.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  They were all boys, these were all boy hazzans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=391.0,424.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MANDEL:  Pessele I remember, yes.  I’m glad you reminded me about Pessele.  I remember him very well.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHe originated — originally, at that time, he was in Newark, I think.  He was a Jersey fellow.  I remember, I remember Pessele very well.  Both as a boy and, later on, we belonged together to the Farband, to the Fellowship Guild.  Pessele was a dear friend of mine.  Yes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  There was another one that, oh, what’s his, you know, Linda’s father.  Reich.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  Israel Reich.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Israel Reich.  Did you know him?  He was a boy, a boy wonder, a boy hazzan.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Israel Reich.  Was he in, in that, in that time?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Yeah, I would say he was in that time.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  In that era, in that…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Hmm-mmm.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Sounds familiar.  It sounds very familiar.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Shai Engelhart, we did a discussion like this.  He’s in California.  We did an interview with him.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAnyway, so you, you, at that age, already were…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Yeah, yeah.  I was davenning in shuls, davenning for the holidays, daven a Shabbes here, there and there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=424.0,480.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVIN:  All in New York, or outside of New York?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  New York.  Outside of New York, too.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eI, I have a circular with me from Asbury Park in the, in the early ‘30s.  Asbury Park, at that time, was a very vibrant Jewish community, in those days.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Well, we’re going to put all those, we’re going to copy those things.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  I davenned as a youngster, there was a shul in Boston.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Where?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  North Russell Street Shul.  In those days, it was North Russell Street Shul.  Yep.  And I was about 12 or 13 years old, when I davenned in North Russell Street.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=480.0,519.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVIN:  Who taught you?  Where did you learn how to daven like that, at that age?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  This, in those, it was put together.  This one taught you a little, that hazzan, this hazzan.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAnd then, I also had a manager.  A manager by the name of Usha Chassin.  Very, very knowledgeable man.  He knew nusaḥ, perishe sha millas.  He had a voice.  He had his own voice man there, Mitchell Firenzo.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=519.0,551.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Also, in my hometown, I started out with a ba’al t'filla, Moshe Chaim Ziggelman.  I was, must have been about nine years, ten years old, when I started singing with the ba’al t'filla in Elizabeth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=551.0,566.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that’s, that’s the way we learned.  With no formal training.  I listened to a record, pick up a theme here, a theme there, a little melody from this one, a little melody from that one.  And I happened to have, have the ability to put it together.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  How about from Zaidel Rovner?  Did you learn from him, or only just sang with him?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Mainly from him.  It was the, I learned a little from Zaidel, too.  He also had a son, Alec.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Tell me about Zaidel’s son.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=566.0,600.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMANDEL:\u003c/strong\u003e He had a son, Alec.  And Alec sat down with me, biven hail glaylen nuttin.  All right?  That’s the way we did it.  This one, that, this one a little nusaḥ, that one we learned some music.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAlec sat down, opened up the, the music sheet, and start writing.  And wrote.  Just, just as quick as I write a letter, in English.  He wrote music, okay.  Zeche cholech.  Sloymeleh.  Zeche cholech ibich chazzem.  And that’s the way we learned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=600.0,639.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVIN:  The son, did you keep up with any of the family?  Did you know the rest of Rovner’s family?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Rovner’s family?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Yeah.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  I didn’t keep up with the family.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThen, as time went on, things changed.  Things changed.  My voice changed, things changed, times changed, conditions changed.  And my, my parents were, were, you might say, they were poor.  We had to go to work and help out and do what we can.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThose days were rough, I don’t have to tell you.  ’29, ’30, ’31, ’32.  Depression.  Crash, the Wall Street crash.  Bread lines.  We went through that, through that era, that period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=639.0,700.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then, came the, then, I went to high school, yeshivas.  Then came World War II, and we went to work, and, and again, we were working.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn those days, to get a position as a cantor was a very, very tough item.  They, it paid very little, and it was hard to get.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=700.0,729.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MANDEL SINGS Sim Shalom","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=729.0,1081.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SEROTA:  Among the hazzanim that you heard, who made the greatest impression on you?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  I’ve heard many a hazzan.  A, a lot of them were great.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  Was, nobody out, more outstanding?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1081.0,1099.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MANDEL:  But the one that made, the, but the, the one that really stuck most in my mind, the one that I really would travel a hundred miles out of my way to go hear him, was Hazzan Moshe Ganchoff, olav ha’sholem.  That’s the man that really, that really got, got, got to me.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  Why would you say that was the case?  If you wanted to analyze it.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  His interpretation, his nusaḥ, his delivery.  His modulations.  The way — his compositions.  He, he was an original.  He was an original hazzan.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eI’ve heard a lot of great hazzanim.  Outstanding.  They’re all outstanding.  But, taking everything into consideration, he was my, he was my favorite.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1099.0,1172.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SEROTA:  You mentioned Pinchik.  Now, I was once speaking with Noakh Shahl…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Yes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  …and he said to me that Pinchik commented about your teacher, Oysher Chassin.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Yes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  He said that he loved Oysher Chassin so much, that to be with this man, Oysher Chassin, he even would stay among the cockroaches in his apartment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1172.0,1192.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MANDEL:  Oysher Chassin was, Oysher was like a walking encyclopedia.  The man had a tremendous knowledge.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  What was Pinchik like?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Pinchik?  In his way, he radiated, when you looked at Pinchik, you saw a very handsome, distinguished, impressive-looking gentlemen.  He, he really — when you walked into, Pinchik walked into a room, everyone, everyone’s head turned in that direction.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1192.0,1238.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I wouldn’t say he was the most outgoing individual.  Soft-spoken, quiet.  His eyes, when he looked at you, went right through you.  He was a very, very fine, very fine individual.  I knew him well.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  What would you say about his hazzanas?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  His hazzanas was original, unique.  But I think it was the type of hazzanas that only, only Pinchik could really put it over the way he did.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHis hazzanas was tailor-made.  He, he originated his hazzanas for himself.  Because he had the type of voice, the size of the voice, the flexibility, the coloratura, his Hasidic background.  He knew, he knew how to, how to interpret the pereshe millas to his style of hazzanas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1238.0,1301.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was, we had other hazzanim that sang his compositions, but Pinchik was unique.  When he, when he did a Ki Gadna, or a Ribbono Shel Olem from S’fera, or the Al Cheyt, or any of his compositions — Eilu Ezkera — it was Pinchik.  It was Pinchik.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1301.0,1328.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SEROTA:  Having grown up in New Jersey, in the Newark area…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Yes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  …I imagine you heard Chagy a great deal…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Yes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  …because he was a fixture in Newark.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  A tremendous ba'al nusaḥ.  Tremendous ba'al nusaḥ.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1328.0,1343.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSEROTA:\u003c/strong\u003e I don’t think his records do him justice.  Because if you listen to the records, the compositions that he sings, that are his own, it doesn’t really add up to a lot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1343.0,1388.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MANDEL:  He was — no.  And in person, he impressed you much more than the records.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  And Kwartin?  You heard Kwartin also?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Kwartin, yes.  I heard Kwartin.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eKwartin is a giant.  Kwartin was a giant.  With his powerful baritone, and his nusaḥ, and his nusaḥ hat'filla, and his background, cantorial.  He was a hazzan, and he was also, as they said in Europe, a kantore.  When he, when he sang, there, again, unique.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn that era, the, the hazzanim were, were very unique, in their way.  Each one made his mark.  Rosenblatt, Kwartin, Chagy, Pinchik, Ganchoff.  They were, each individual hazzan had something unique to offer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1388.0,1458.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SEROTA:  There was another very well-known hazzan who was in Newark for many years.  And that was Avram Shapiro.  Did you know Avram Shapiro?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  I didn’t know Avram Shapiro that well.  I remember davenning a Shabbes in the Russian shul.  I davenned a Shabbes in the Russian shul.  I don’t recall exactly.  I think that was before Avram Shapiro was in the Russian shul.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1458.0,1489.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Avram Shapiro went from the Russian shul, I think he went to B’nai Abraham.  To Temple B’nai Abraham.  And I had the occasion to hear Avram Shapiro at B’nai Abraham.  I heard Avram Shapiro’s recordings.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1489.0,1516.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As far as I’m concerned, I’ve heard records of Caruso, I’ve heard records of Serota.  I think Avram Shapiro had a voice — absolutely, he was a hazzan with an operatic voice.  There was no two ways about it.  He had operatic qualities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1516.0,1542.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was a very — his, his voice went right through you.  I, I think he was — as I said, I’ve heard records of Caruso, Serota, other tenors.  He was an outstanding tenor, \u003cbr\u003e[LEVIN]: You were a wunderkind hazzan, as you said before.  How did you find it, how did you find the hazzanim that you appeared with in the concert?  For example, Rosenblatt and Roitman, and so on.  How did they deal with a wunderkind hazzan, in terms of their own egos?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1542.0,1575.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As you know, you always know that a kind is always an attraction.  And you probably stole the show, I’m sure.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  They were, they were…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Did any of them have a problem with you being there, you being so…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  No.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  …talented, and so on?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  There was never any problem.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  ‘Cause they say that…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  We were all…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Rosenblatt was a very fine gentleman.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Very fine, down to earth, friendly person.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Did you ever daven with him in shul?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1575.0,1596.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVIN:  In the choir setting?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  No.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Or you sang only in the solo capacity?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  No.  Just in a, in a concert, solo capacity.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  But they were helpful there, the hazzanim were complimentary?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  And I do remember, very distinctly, when Rosenblatt came up to visit Oysher Chassin on Second Avenue.  That was Second Avenue and the corner of the 6th Street.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHe walked in, they greeted each other, and Chassin said to Rosenblatt, “Yossele, vils zels helm?  Vils zels helm mein de, mein Talmud, Chazzan Shlomole Mandel, der, der boy hazzan.  Vils zel stem, zel stem herr.  Zatz chavayt by the piano.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1596.0,1642.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And Rosenblatt was an excellent piano player.  He sat down at the piano.  “All right, Shlomo, zing, eppis.”\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAnd I did.  He, he was…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Do you remember what you sang?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  I hardly remember what I sang.  But he was happy.  And I was very happy to have the, the honor of having Yossele Rosenblatt sit down by the piano and accompany me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1642.0,1666.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I had an experience like that later on in life.  When I went to a voice teacher by the name of Alex Lawber.  Quite a few hazzanim went to Alex Lawber.  And I’m taking a voice lesson, and in walks Jan Peerce.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1666.0,1688.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Oh!  Alex Lawber greeted Jan, Jan greeted him.  And I remember, “Jan,” Alex says to Jan Peerce, “Jan, I want you to hear this fellow.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1688.0,1703.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So Jan, being a, the nice fellow that he, that he was, “Yeah,” he says, “I’ll be very glad to, to listen to him.”  He says to Alex, “What’s his name?”\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e“Sydney.”\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e“Sydney, sing something.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1703.0,1720.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I sang.  Oh, he was delighted.  And, as a result, the next time we met, before I, anybody said, “Sydney, sing something.  I want to hear you.”","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1720.0,1735.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I, also, I was very honored to have, Jan Peerce is asking me to sing something?  I was flattered.  And that was also a very nice experience, to have men of that caliber ask, tell me that they would like to hear me sing something.  Which I did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1735.0,1751.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eLEVIN:\u003c/strong\u003e How would you analyze your personal cantorial style?  The way that you davenned, the way, the type of hazzanas that you sing — how would you analyze it, if you could do an analysis?  What sort of approach do you take?  More the traditional durech, or the path, or do you take, or do you try to be more innovative?  Do you try to use a lot of modulations?  Do you try to do tricky kind of moves?  Or do you tend to go…","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1751.0,1780.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MANDEL:  Modulation, little changes, modulations.  But along traditional lines.  Traditional.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  In other words, it’s not, it’s not like a Glantz, or a, or a Ganchoff, where you’re on your toes at every moment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1780.0,1797.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMANDEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, if there’s any, anyone that I really felt that I felt close to, as far as hazzanas, I would say Ganchoff is the one that I really like to listen to and sing along those lines.  Not exact, but I seem to lean, lean towards that type of hazzanas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1797.0,1824.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSEROTA:\u003c/strong\u003e I think, also, from a vocal standpoint, the sound that you make, to some, in some respect, is a little reminiscent of, of Ganchoff vocally and stylistically.  The kind of legato line that he sings, the kinds of phrases that he sings.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1824.0,1840.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMANDEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah.  Yeah.  It’s possible.  Because I’ve listened to him a lot.  Never had any, I never trained formally with him.  But I listened to him a lot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1840.0,1852.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I sort of — his style, his style is, I, I like very much his style. And it seems that my voice lended itself to that type of hazzanas.  And that’s the type of hazzanas that I like.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1852.0,1871.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It, Ganchoff gave it a, it had, he, an interpretation.  It was interesting.  He modulated.  He never stood long in one place.  He was an interesting hazzan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1871.0,1884.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSEROTA:\u003c/strong\u003e I have here some publicity, a little brochure that says here, “Hazzan Shlomele Mandel, Cantor Shlomole Mandel, the youngest and only American-born boy cantor.”  That’s what it says on here.  “Management International Concert Bureau, 104 Second Avenue, New York.”\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThat was Chassin’s office?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1884.0,1908.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMANDEL:\u003c/strong\u003e That was, that was Chassin’s office.  I don’t know whether, it, I mean, I had nothing to do with writing that.  I don’t know whether I was the only American-born.  There were other boy hazzanim.  I don’t know whether the other ones, where they were born.  But that’s what he wrote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1908.0,1923.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SEROTA:  “Shlomele Mandel was born 13 years ago by well-to-do parents.”\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWas he thinking about somebody else’s parents, or your parents?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  I don’t know, I don’t think he’d be, I don’t think he’s talking about my parents at that point, at that point.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  “At the age of six, he began to take an interest in music by singing all the songs he learned by ear.”\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Well?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  True?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1923.0,1941.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"“At the age of ten, he became a pupil of the Cantors Seminary Conservatory of Music.”\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThat means his school, I guess.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  His school.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  Right?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e“Where he was taught music and voice culture with surprising results.  So, that after studying one year, he made his first public appearance at a concert in the Hotel Commodore.”\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1941.0,1956.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SEROTA:  What did you sing at the Hotel Commodore?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  At the Hotel, at the Hotel Commodore, I remember exactly what that was.  That was the, we, we lit Hanukkah, I, Hanukkah, lecht at that time.  It was Hanukkah.  It was a Hanukkah program, at the Hotel Commodore.  That was a, a Hanukkah program.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1956.0,1982.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SEROTA:  Then the brochure concludes, “His appearance as a cantor was made at the Slonim Synagogue on Norfolk Street.”\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Yes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  Was that your debut?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  That was one of the first shuls I davenned in.  Slonim Shul on Norfolk Street.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  With a choir?  Were you able, as a child, to sing with a choir?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1982.0,1999.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MANDEL:  Uh, as a child, I didn’t do much singing there.  Singing with a choir, as a child.  You mean…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  Unless you just davenned, and the choir did responses.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  I, I davenned, and the choir gave responses.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBut I remember, later, later in life, in 19, it was either 1948 or ’49, I davenned a Shavuos in the Slonim Shul with Seymour Silbermintz’s choir.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  So you worked with Silbermintz, you worked with Nadel…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  I worked with Oscar Julius.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  Yeah.  And Nadel was a friend of yours.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=1999.0,2042.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MANDEL:  Yes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  And I believe you were both members of the Fellowship Guild?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  We were members of the Fellowship Guild.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  Along with our friend, Chaskele Ritter.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Yes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  And Sidney Shikoff.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Eliezer Shulman.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  Rogoff.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Rogoff.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  Dubov.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Dubov.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2042.0,2057.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I replaced — by the way, speaking about the Fellowship Guild, I replaced — at that time, that was a little while back — when Cantor Shulman went from Avenue N Jewish Center to Great Neck, I replaced Shulman in Avenue N Jewish Center.  You have the brochure there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2057.0,2079.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSEROTA:\u003c/strong\u003e And we also have here, which we will have photographed later in greater detail, this photograph.  Can you tell us about this photograph?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2079.0,2091.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MANDEL:  That photograph was taken, that was, that was the setting at the, while they were making the movie, The Voice of Israel.  That’s exactly where that was, that picture was taken.  With…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  And you are standing with?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Zaidel Rovner.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2091.0,2109.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SEROTA:  Zaidel Rovner.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNow, here is a photograph, which we will also enter into the record.  Tell us about this photograph.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  That’s the Ensemble of the Jewish Ministers Cantors Association.  I’m, I, as you notice, the conductor there is who?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2109.0,2128.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SEROTA:  Oscar Julius.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Exactly.  That’s right.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  Who would you say, in your opinion, was the most outstanding synagogue conductor that you worked with?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  It’s a, it’s a, it’s a close one between Abe Nadel and Oscar Julius.  It’s, it’s really, you’re, you’re asking me a tough question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2128.0,2148.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SEROTA:  Okay.  They’re both gone, so we don’t have to commit ourselves.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Now, when you worked as a wunderkind hazzan, and below age 13, was there not Jewish law problems with that, with you being a cantor to, for a congregation?  I assume you stood by yourself on the pulpit, at the ohmed, right?  And there was no adult that took part in part of the repetition of the Shemona Esrei, or whatever.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Somehow or other, that, I wasn’t confronted with that problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2148.0,2178.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVIN:  I think, nowadays, in the ‘90s, where there, there’s been a shift way to the right among the, in the Orthodox…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Yeah.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  …Jewish community, I have a feeling that something like that today would not be permitted.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2178.0,2188.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMANDEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, today is different.  Yesteryear, the olden days, were different.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eYears ago, the, the, the people in the audience would, would want you to do more, more.  Zing na ha bissel.  Nacha shtickel.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNow, they…","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2188.0,2217.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVIN:  Now it’s nisht nacha stickel.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  …look at their watch.  Now, they look at their watch, and they want to get out at a certain time.  Oh.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAnd you, and hazzanim — no, they’re, they’re not too anxious for their hazzanas.  The hazzanas that we did years ago would not make a big hit with the audience today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2217.0,2234.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Today, want to, what they want to know mainly today is, what, what time are we…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  To what do you attribute this?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  …getting out?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  What do you attribute this, this trend?  Or this situation.  To what do you attribute this to?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2234.0,2250.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMANDEL:\u003c/strong\u003e Years ago, the audience was made up of Jews that came over from the other side, from Europe.  They were, they were saturated with hazzanim and hazzanas and nusaḥ.  And they, they loved it, and they wanted to hear it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2250.0,2291.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, the, the modern generation, the new generation, the new generation doesn’t, their taste buds for hazzanim and hazzanas is entirely different than years ago.  Years…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLike food.  Years ago, we ate the good old Jewish cooking.  We didn’t know from chow mein and chop suey and…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  High cholesterol we had, years ago.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  I, yes.  We had…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  So now, we’re on low cholesterol.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  We were on, we were on chop, on a chopped liver diet.  Chopped liver and schmaltz.  And I…","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2291.0,2316.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SPEAKER:  So you would say that the hazzanim were probably…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  In other words, we were on a rich diet.  On a, and the, and our music was, was rich.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNow, everyone, when they order a sandwich now, they say, “We want it lean.”  And they also want their hazzanas lean.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2316.0,2334.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVIN:  The hazzanim were probably hero level.  In those days, they were in the level of folk heroes, you would say.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Yes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  That they, you couldn’t get a seat at a concert.  You, they were standing out in the street.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2334.0,2343.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMANDEL:\u003c/strong\u003e I remember, as a child, going to Newark to hear Kwartin or Chagy daven slichas.  There were police outside, on horses.  And on foot patrol holding back the crowd.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2343.0,2360.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SPEAKER:  I remember, even in the ‘60s, if you opened up the Jewish Forverts, or the Morgen-Journal in those days…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  There was 150 hazzanim there.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  There was maybe, you opened up a page, you had maybe 50 hazzanishe yarmulkes…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Right.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  …advertising who’s davenning with which double choir.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Two, three pages of yarmulkes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2360.0,2377.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSEROTA:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, here are pictures we have from 1959.  And the 1969 pictures of hazzanim advertised in the Morgen-Journel.  Cantor David Koussevitzky, Hazzan Shlomo Mandel, Hazzan Bela Herskovitz.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2377.0,2390.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eLEVIN:\u003c/strong\u003e I think, unfortunately, today, we’re seeing more of the picture of them than when, when, unfortunately, when they pass on, they had a final article, the picture, in the Yiddish paper, years ago.  And you dealt with them when they were alive, when they were functioning.  It’s very sad.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2390.0,2406.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMANDEL:\u003c/strong\u003e The audience, the audience today, the shul audience today is nowheres near, even the Orthodox, your Orthodox shuls.  I noticed, when I go Shabbes to shul in my town, in Elizabeth, people sitting there.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFirst of all, in my day, a hazzan got up to daven.  If he wanted to repeat a word, he repeated a word.  Because certain musical expressions and phrases and interpretations, you just can’t do by doing a word once.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2406.0,2445.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSEROTA:\u003c/strong\u003e We spoke with Rabbi Schorr in Borough Park on Tuesday.  So, we asked him about repeating words.  So he said there’s nothing wrong with it.  It’s like a rav giving a drosha.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFirst, you tell the people what you’re going to say, then you say what you’re going to say, then, you tell them what you just told them.  So you’ve got to say it three times.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2445.0,2465.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMANDEL:\u003c/strong\u003e There are certain musical, musical, musical phrases, and certain musical passages, certain musical thoughts, if you, if you say a word, you have to go back and repeat the word to bring out what you, what you, the, the way you want to interpret it.  And they, nowadays, they don’t, you’ve got to say a word once, and keep going.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2465.0,2489.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eLEVIN:\u003c/strong\u003e Why do you think that the people today are so finicky and so, as the word that we say in halaka, so machpicht, so exacting, on this particular halaka, which I doubt whether it’s what they say it is.  Whereas 35 years ago, or 40 years ago, this was not an issue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2489.0,2504.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MANDEL:  No.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  This, did this issue didn’t come up.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  I don’t understand why it’s an issue today, and it wasn’t 35, 40 years ago.  Certainly, the people 35, 40 years ago were just as knowledgeable as the people today.  They were no less knowledgeable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2504.0,2519.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I believe one of the reasons they emphasize this rule because the, the davenning, you get finished quicker by not repeating a word.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  Yeah.  That’s making…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  It’s speed.  It’s not only, it’s not, they not only look at it from the viewpoint of halakha.  They’re looking at it from the viewpoint you say a word once, you keep going.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2519.0,2543.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eLEVIN:\u003c/strong\u003e Let’s take contemporary terminology.  Is this a right-wing conspiracy, as we’ve been hearing in the news these days?  The right-wing Orthodox, let’s say, or frum community, does it have to do with that they don’t understand hazzanas, that maybe they find it boring, maybe they, do they find it too much to take, because they don’t understand what they’re listening to?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2543.0,2565.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMANDEL:\u003c/strong\u003e They are, many of them are not interested in deep hazzanas as we know it.  They’re not interested in modulations and changing keys, mezzo voce, fortissimo, pianissimo.  They’re not interested in the deeper, deeper, on the, on the techniques and vocal techniques and musical changes and modulations.  They, they like simple melodies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2565.0,2610.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVIN:  Do you think that the youngsters today in the yeshivas, let’s say, in the Orthodox, religious yeshivas, do you think there’s a need for training in, in nusaḥ, so that maybe they will end up with some sort of a desire, some sort of interest in this whole subject?  Because I have heard some youngsters from yeshivas that I have…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Yes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  …come in contact with…","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2610.0,2628.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MANDEL:  Yes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  …who know absolutely nothing about this whole subject.  They can get up on a Friday night and they can sing a melody that fits in maybe on Wednesday morning.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Yeah.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLEVIN:  And it’s very sad.  But maybe it’s not their fault.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2628.0,2640.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eMANDEL:\u003c/strong\u003e What they, what they do, they hear Hasidic songs on records, and they adapt it, anything that, and they adapt it to the davenning.  It don’t make any difference it’s L’kha Dodi or V’shamru or a kiddish or Ki el adon.  They heard something on the record, a melody on the record, and it goes into a kiddushe.  Whatever, whatever they’re singing, they’ll apply the melody that they heard on the record to, to the, the davenning.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2640.0,2672.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LEVIN:  And this is really a destructive thing.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  I have heard, for instance, the melody Erev Shel Shoshanim.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSPEAKER:  Min Komkha.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  I’ve, I’ve heard Erev Shel Shoshanim, I’ve heard that melody to Mim Komkha, Mim Komo.  To Kevodo — you name it.  I’ve heard it to the first kiddushe, second kiddushe.  I’ve heard Erev Shel Shoshanim.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2672.0,2702.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Another one that’s applied on a wholesale basis is the melody to Sholem Aleichem.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  Unless there’s some sort of artistry involved, davenning becomes sort of mechanical.  When a hazzan says something, we become inspired.  It’s not just a question of mumbling the words. And perhaps, many of these people, they say the words of these prayers because they feel like they are obligated to do so because of the religion but they’re really not into the question, the subject, of really praying.\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL: A hazzan, as we know a hazzan.  Especially the type of hazzanim that we were talking about, the type of hazzanim we have mentioned.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThey not only give you the interpretation, then the music, the interpretation, the pereshe hamillos, the vocal techniques, the melodies, but they put something into it that’s called “soul” — neshuma.  It’s — part of them goes into the composition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2702.0,2780.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is something, you don’t learn it in books; you don’t learn it when you learn a composition, a recitative.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe recitative is made up of notes.  The same notes, when it’s put into the hands of one of these hazzanim, the same composition, when they sang it, it had soul — neshuma.  That’s the word.  Neshuma.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2780.0,2809.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SEROTA:  One last question.  Do you see any future for the kind of hazzanas that was practiced by these great cantors, and that you sang?\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  I’m sorry to say, but for, from where I sit, the type of hazzanas that we are speaking about, for the future of that type of hazzanas, yes.  There is a future for hazzanim and for hazzanas.  But a different kind of hazzanas that we are speaking about.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe type of hazzanas that we know from years back, the future of that hazzanas looks a little bleak.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2809.0,2852.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SEROTA:  Anyway, I wish to thank you very much for sharing your thoughts with us, for sharing your voice and your artistry, and being a part of this project.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  But, but let me just finish off by saying, I said the future of the hazzanas that we were speaking of looks a little bleak.  But the future for hazzanim and hazzanas — the new, the new type of hazzanas, which is, you might say “hazzanas on the lighter side,” hazzanas that the shuls want, and that the people want — in other words, for hazzanim, there is a future.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2852.0,2891.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As far as making a living, the hazzanim of today will graduate from theological seminary or from other schools, they get positions, they get a nice, nice stipend, they get a nice salary, they have benefits.  They get a lot of things that we old-timers never dreamt of.  In that respect, the future of hazzanas today is good.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2891.0,2917.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We had the golden age of hazzanas, if you look at it from the viewpoint of interpretation and music and vocal qualities.  But the golden age, if you look at it from the monetary standpoint, monetary standpoint, now is the golden age of hazzanas, from the monetary standpoint.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2917.0,2943.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SEROTA:  Yeah, but our concern, really, is not with that aspect, but really, with the artistic aspect.  From an artistic standpoint, it doesn’t seem as if this field is continuing.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  No.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  It seems like we have reached the end…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  No.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  …and for the most part, it’s not an art form which is practiced…\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  No.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  …in the contemporary synagogue.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  As we knew it, it is not continuing.  And again, I say it, this type of hazzanas that we are speaking about, from where I sit, does, doesn’t look like it has a great future.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2943.0,2972.0"},{"id":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928/transcript/24997/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"SEROTA:  I thank you very much for being with us.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  It was my pleasure to be with you.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSEROTA:  And I hope that we can exchange our views many times in the future.  Thank you.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMANDEL:  Thank you very much.  It was my pleasure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://milken.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1159/collection_resources/40263/file/111928#t=2972.0,2994.432"}]}]}]}